System of cable-working.



J. GOTT.

SYSTEM OF CABLE WORKING.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 2, 1912.

2 $EEETSSHEET 1.

Arronuns THE NORRIS PETERS CO. FHOTOLITHOW WASHINGTON. D) C.

J. GOTT.

SYSTEM OF CABLE WORKING.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 2, 1912.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

2 SHEETB-SHEET 2.

WIT E88 8.-

'rHE NORRIS PETERS 50.. PHUTD-LITHOH WASHINGTON. u. u,

UNITED STATES PATENT orrron JOHN GOTT, 0F I-IOVE, BRIGHTON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO COMMERCIAL CABLE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SYSTEM or CABLE-WORKING.

Application filed May 2, 1912. Serial N 0. 694,750.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JoHN Gorr, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, and resident of Hove, Brighton, England, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Cable-Vorking, of which the following is a specification.

In the operation of the ordinary cable recording apparatus the incoming signals are marked on a tape, the character of the signals being determined by their position on one or the other side of the central neutral line. For instance, the dot indications would be marked on one side of the center line and the dash indications would be marked on the opposite side thereof.

In Figure 3is shown a diagramof an ordinary recorder record. It is to be noted that the dot and dash indications are equal in size and are only distinguished from each other by their positions on opposite sides of the central line. In operating the ordinary and well-known system of cable working a double key is used, the depression of one key sending impulses of current of one polarity to the line for dots and the other key sending impulses of opposite polarity for dashes, the receiving recording instrument being moved by said impulses of current to mark on the recorder slip on one or the other sides of the central line according to the character of the impulses. This system of cable Working is defective in that following impulses of current of like polarity are used with the result that the operation of the recorder under the influence of said impulses of like polarity is at times not positive and the signals are consequently not definite and well defined. This system is further defective in that the impulses of current are all of the same strength and the marks indicating the dots and dashes are, therefore, of precisely the same character and difier only in their position on the tape.

In my application filed March 18, 1912, Serial No. 6%,572 I have described a system of cable working in which each alternate impulse is of opposite polarity, that is to i say, each impulse is opposite in polarity to the preceding one, each impulse forming a complete distinct signal unit. I

In carrying out the invention described herein I make use of the method of signaling described in my said prior, application key, one key being employed to send out irnpulses of current to produce markings corresponding to dots ofthe ordinary Morse code and the other keyto send out impulses to produce markings corresponding to dashes of the ordinary Morse code. Instead,

however, of the'dot and dash markings appearing on opposite sides of the central line of a recorder record, each following signal is on the opposite side of the said line fromthe preceding signal without regard to the character of the precedingsignal, and the dash markings are distinguished from the dot marks by amplifying or enlarging the dot indications. As set, forth in my previous application each signal impulse is opfor dash indications, so that the dot and dash indications or marks Will be distinguishedfrom each other bytheir relative, lengths instead of bytheir positions with,

respect to the central or neutral line. 7

Another object of this invention is to provide means whereby each signal impulse will be opposite inpolarity to the preceding one without regard to which of the keys of the double key is operated, so that if a'plurality of impulses are sent out byv the dot key, each and employ in connection with it a double posite in polarity to the preceding one, the p impulse will be opposite in polarity to the preceding one and the successive dot indications will be on opposite sides of the, central line. This same effect will be produced by operating the dot and dash keys alternately, or by operating the dash key to transmit a plurality of impulses to produce dash indications. By this method of cable working by alternate impulses of opposite polarity is 'made use ofand the additional advantage is secured. of having one set of signals amplified to distinguish them from the other set of signal indications. It is manifest that this amplification may be made the advantages of transmitting signal units evident by a written record or marking or by an increase in sound. 7

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus embodying the invention, wherein the discharge from the cable is utilized to effect the reversal in polarity of the line current; Fig. 2 is a similar view wherein a transformer is employed to effect the reversals, the transformer being operated through or with the line charging cur rent; Fig. 3 a diagram showing an ordinary cable recorder record; and Fig. at a similar diagram showing a record formed by a recorder operated by this invention.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, a designates the cable; 5 the artificial line; and c, 0' the sending condensers.

(Z and d represent the sending keys, said keys constituting what I shall term the double key. This key is quite similar to the ordinary double key now so universally used in systems of cable workings. The key at is what I shall term the dot key, and it is connected by wire 6 to the apex of the duplex bridge of the cable usual in this type of apparatus. The back contact of key cl is electrically connected to key d by wire f. The front contact 7b of key (5 is electrically connected to the vibrating tongue t'of the polarized relay 1*, said relay being a part of the double polarized relay R. The front Contact h of the key cl, which key I shall term the dash key is electrically connected to the tongue t of the polarized relay r, this latter relay being also a part of the double polarized relay hereinbefore mentioned. The back contact 9 of key d is connected to the polarized relay coils and to earth at E, the relay coils being connected together in series. It will thus be seen that when both keys are opened and rest on their back contacts the cable discharge will be through'the relay coils to earth. Two batteries may be employed, or one split battery having parts Z and Z, may be used. The front contact m of the relay 9* is connected to the positive side of the full battery and the back contact m is connected to the negative side of the full battery. Both batteries are connected to earth at E. The front contact n of the relay 1" is connected to the positive side of the reduced battery and the rear contact 02/ thereof is connected to the negative side of the reduced battery, as shown clearly in Fig. 1.

The operation of the apparatus will be obvious to those skilled-in the art but may briefly be described as follows: Upon the depression of the dash key d, with the relay tongues in the position shown in Fig. 1, positive current of the full battery power is sent to the line through the tongue 6 of the relay r. Upon opening said key the discharge from the cable will pass to earth through the back contact 9 and the coils of the two relays thereby swinging the tongues of the relays to their back contacts. This will put negative current to the front contacts of the keysand if the dash key d be again depressed, negative current of the full battery will be put to the line, and this operation will be repeated upon each closing of the key (Z. If, however, the dot key be depressed with the relay tongues in the positions shown in Fig. 1, positive current of the reduced battery power will be put to the line. Upon the opening of said key and the discharge of the cable through the relays, the tongues of the relays will be swung against their back contacts, and upon the next depression of the key (Z, negative current of the reduced battery power will be put to the line and so on through each operation' of the dot key (Z. The reversals of polarity to the line take place after each operation of. each key so that each successive signal is of opposite polarity. and each dash signal impulse is amplified or increased over the :dot signal impulse. The keys of the double key will, therefore, be operated in the usual manner of double keys of cable operatingsystems and the duration of the.

signal or'key depression will be the samefor both keys, as contradistinguished from the invention described in my prior application mentioned herein, wherein the key depressions are of different durations or periods for the dots and dashes as in'the operation of the ordinaryMorse key the receiving instrument may be an ordinary Thompson recorder, as indicated at R in Figs. 1 and 2; or it may be any other form of well-known receiving apparatus responsive to both positive and negative current impulses.

In the arrangement of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2 the back contact g of the dashkey d is connected to earth at E instead of being connected to the relay coils as in Fig.1. The terminals of the relay coils are connected through the secondary winding S of a transformer; and the batteries, or the two parts of the split battery are connected to earth atE through the primary winding P of the transformer. The operation of' this arrangement of the apparatus, is precisely the same as that described with respect to the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 with the exception that the cable discharges to earth at E and the induced currents in the secondary winding of the transformer operate to reverse the tongues of the polarized relays. These induced currents are opposite in character for each charging of the cable, and occur at the opening of the transmitting key. It is, therefore, manifest that as the reversal of polarity of the line current takes place upon the opening of the key it would be impossible tosend two successive signal impulses of the same polarity. Should two impulses of current impulse of changed polarity and no two successive signal units will be formed by impulses of current of the same polarity, the reversals in polarity of the current to the line being controlled by the sending instrument, amplifying some of said signal impulses by an increased current anddistinguishing such impulses as signals or units of signals by their strength and irrespective of their polarity.

2. The art of telegraphing which consists in throwing upon the line impulses oifxsuc cessively opposite polarity and varying the strength of such current impulses and distinguishing such impulses as signals or units of signals by their strength and irrespective of their polarity.

3. The art of telegraphing which consists in throwing upon the line impulses of successively opposite polarity and varying the strength of such current impulses and distinguishing such impulses as signals or units of signals by their strength and irrespective of their polarity, and receiving such impulses in accordance with their polarity.

a. A system of electric signaling comprising means for transmitting single sig nal unit impulses of current, means automatically controlled by said transmitting means for reversing the polarity after each signal impulse, means for varying the strength of said impulses, means for receiving such impulses, said means responding to said impulses in accordance with their polarity and distinguishing them as signals or units of signals by their'strength and irrespective of their polarity.

5. A system of electric signaling comprising two transmitting keys, means whereby one key will transmit impulses of current ofcqual strength, means whereby the other key will. transmit impulses of current of greater power than the impulse transmitted by the other key, and means whereby upon the opening of either key the polarity of the current to the line on the next key operation will be reversed.

6. A system of electric signaling comprising two transmitting keys, means whereby one key will transmit impulses of currentoi" equal strength, means whereby the other key will transmit impulses of current of greater power than the impulse transmitted by the other key, and means whereby the discharge the line current.

from the cable Will reverse the polarity of 7. A syste nof electric signaling comprising means for transmitting impulses of cur-,

rent, a polarized relay controlling the/p0 larity of the current impulses transmitted to the line, means whereby when the: cur rentto the line is broken by the transmitting means the polarized relay will op-- erate to reverse the current to the line for the nextclosure of the line current through the transmittingmeans, means for varying the strength of said impulses, and means for receiving said impulses of current and dis-- tinguishing them as signals or units of signals by their strength and irrespectiveof their polarity.

8. A system of electric signaling ($011k prising two transmitting devices, means whereby one of said devices will transmit impulses of current of uniformstrength,

means whereby the other transmitting device will transmit impulses of current of uniform strength, these latter impulses being of greater power than the impulses transmitted by the other transmitting device, a polarized relay for reversing the current to the line, and means whereby upon the opening of the line current by either transmitting device the polarity of the current to the line will be reversed for the next I operation of either transmitting device.

9. A system of electric signaling comprising two transmitting devices, means wheres by one of said devices will transmit impulses oi current of uniform strength,

means whereby the other transmitting devices will transmit impulses of current of uniform strength, these latter impulses be ing of greater power than the impulses transmitted by the other transmitting device, a polarized relay for reversing the current to the line, and means whereby upon the opening of the line current by either transmitting device the discharge from the cable will operate the polarized relay to reverse the polarity of the line current for the next operation of either, transmitting device.

10. A system of electric signaling comted to the line, means whereby when the f current to the line is broken by the transmitting means the discharge from the cable will operate the polarized relay to reverse the current to the line for the next closure of the line current through the transmitting prising means for transmitting'impulses of current, a polarized relay controlling the polarity of the current impulses transmitted to the" line, means whereby when the current to the line is'brrsken by the transmitting meansthe discharge from a suitable capacity will operate the olari ed relay to reverse the currentm the line for the next closure of the line current through the mam 'means whereby the other transmitting de-.

vice will transmit impulses of current of uniform strength, these latter impulses being of greater power than the impulses transmitted by the other transmitting devic'e,-apolarized relay for reversing the cur rent to the line, andmeans whereby upon the opening of the line current by either transmitting device the discharge from a suitable capacity will operate the polarized relay t'o reverse the polarity of the line current for the next operation of either trans- Initting device.

Gopies ofthis patent ms at obtiiixefl foiflfiif' ciitseifi; JifhdE'ssIng the Commissioner of Patents, Withih'gtdh; D. G." 

